Este fin de semana largo se registraron más de 50 mil autos por el Paso Los Libertadores

Sin dudas desde mediados de 2014 los argentinos se hacían una disparada al vecino País para realizar algunas compras, en especial muchos turistas que viajan a Mendoza en temporada invernal para disfrutar de la nieve, y también en las vacaciones de verano.

Pero a partir del 2015, la tendencia fue creciendo y en 2016 no solo se viajaba en las temporadas de vacaciones (invierno o venaro) y no quedó un fin de semana largo, donde no haya habido un éxodo de Argentinos a Chile. 

Para entender la realidad confirmamos que  el organismo público encargado de promover y difundir el desarrollo de la actividad turística en ese país, en el primer semestre del año pasado, los argentinos representaron cerca del 50% de los turistas que lo visitaron.

Las cifras aún no oficiales que Migraciones estaría registrando, es que con motivo de los feriados largos pasados,  más de 50.000 argentinos viajaron al país trasandino. 

Este no es un hecho aislado que se da en el año, muy por el contrario según fuentes oficiales hasta el 30 de junio de 2016, el flujo de visitantes que cruzó la cordillera  aumentó cerca del 60 %  respecto a igual período  del año 2015, algo que preocupa a los comerciantes mendocinos

El reflejo en cifras, cerca de los 2 millones de personas en seis meses. Sólo en enero de 2017 la AFIP recaudó en Horcones, sobre los excedentes de los productos comprados por argentinos, más de $30.000.000.

 

LAS DIFERENCIAS DE PRECIOS

Para entender el intuitivo accionar de los argentinos de damos algunos datos:

 

 

Argentina

Chile
Zapatos de hombre de cuero $ 2290 $1440
Zapatillas deportivas de marca (Nike, Adidas,etc) $ 2500 $1104
Un vestido (Zara, H&M, etc.) $1556 $640
Jean Levis 501 (o equivalente) $1810 $880
Televisor 32″ LG LED $5000 $2320
Televisor Curvo 55″ LED $25999 $9000
iPhone 7 Plus 32gb $23900 $16500
Mochila Colegio con Rueditas Grande $1800 $600
Hotel 5 estrellas Habitación cuádruple $3500 $1700
Hostel Habitación cuádruple $1200 $790

La comparación está expresa en pesos argentinos.

Días con descuentos hasta el 70 %

Las marcas son claves en este boom de compras, en el país vecino podés encontrar firmas internacionales como Forever 21, Top Shop, H&M, Desigual, GAP, Armani Exchange, Banana Republic, Calvin Klein y varias más, que tienen sus productos hasta un 70% más baratos de lo que se puede encontrar en cualquier shopping de nuestro país.

También hay firmas que tenemos en nuestro país, pero allí están mucho más económicas, como es el caso del supermercado Jumbo, las tiendas Easy, las multitiendas Falabella, Zara, Lacoste, Tommy Hilfiger, Columbia, Crocs, Oscar de la Renta, Diesel, Rip Curl, Samsung, Lego, Morph, Sony, entre otras.

Después de las compras hay vida( las playas)

No solo el atractivo de las playas de Viña del Mar y La Serena. El eje Maitencillo-Cachagua-Zapallar-Papudo están a dos horas de Santiago en auto, y en pocos kilómetros, concentra más de diez destinos para conocer

Pero hay otras playas alejadas del tumulto de gente donde a veces no se puede ni caminar, el Zapallar, Papudo y Cachagua, donde los bosques y los cerros chocan con el mar del Pacífico.

Allí las arenas son doradas y grises, casonas y cabañas de toda categoría, de lujo y de esas tipo lodge.

Son más de diez las playas esparcidas en este eje familiar de descanso en el que suele refugiarse la élite política y empresarial chilena. Varias de ellas tienen, además, a los argentinos como sus principales turistas extranjeros.

Desde las oficinas de Promoción Turística de Chile indicaron que se esperaban que lleguen entre diciembre y marzo más de 2,7 millones de turistas extranjeros. De ellos, 1,7 millones serán argentinos, cifra que se estaría triplicando casi en una década.

 

¿POR QUÉ ES TAN BARATO?

A diferencia con nuestro país, Chile tiene tratados de libre comercio con China, Japón, Corea del Sur y Estados Unidos. Por este motivo,  los productos que se importan desde esos países le cuestan al consumidor final hasta un 70% menos en muchos casos, y ha esto hay que agregarle las ofertas especiales que los comercios del País vecino realizan  por eventos especiales .

 

EL ATRASO CAMBIARIO EL OTRO GRAN MOTIVO

Visto el sistema de tratados comerciales internacionales,  no deberíamos dejar de tener en cuenta una de las realidades económicas, cuál es el tema cambiario que ha desatado el “aluvión” del éxodo al País trasandino.

Agregando a ello, un contexto donde el peso chileno se ha debilitado tras el sacudón en los mercados provocado por el triunfo de Donald Trump en las elecciones presidenciales de los EE.UU.

Respecto a la relación Peso-dólar,  antes de la liberación del cepo, el tipo de cambio real –restada la variación de precios- era de $0,98 por cada dólar. Es decir, un nivel similar al del fin de la convertibilidad, allá por 2001.

Con el nuevo Gobierno, Macri produjo una fuerte devaluación y el dólar pasó a $ 15,00 lo que implicó que la relación peso-dolar, trepara a $ 1.32

Sin embargo, dado que la inflación ha sido mayor que la depreciación nominal, el tipo de cambio en términos reales ya está en $1,15, es decir, muy cerca del punto de partida. 

Esto explica, en parte, por qué los productos que se venden en el país se han ido volviendo cada vez más caros, medidos en dólares.

El problema es que, bajo la perspectiva del tipo de cambio, los analistas le atribuyen pocas chances a la posibilidad de que mejore la posición de la Argentina en el concierto regional. 

Algunos economistas confirman que el tipo de cambio es un ingrediente mas en la competitividad de la economía Argentina en la región.

El problema se basa en la fuerte presión tributaria que soportan las pymes y las economías regionales, según datos esa presión impositiva ronda el 37 % cuando en los países vecinos la presión fiscal esta sobre un 25 %, cifra que la Argentina mantuvo desde el 2003 al 2007

Por consiguiente, a pesar de haber tenido las economías regionales un dólar más alto que los beneficia en las exportaciones, la gran carga fiscal ( contribuciones patronales, impuesto a las ganancias y el  creciente impuesto a los ingresos brutos en las provincias) las deja fuera de combate en la competitividad de precios con el resto de la región.

 El Gobierno  propuso con el rubro de las notebooks, computadoras de escritorio y tablets, a través de la futura quita de aranceles, de modo de propiciar una reducción de precios de hasta el 50%.

Sin embargo, la decisión generó una fuerte queja desde el sector empresario, que advierte que están en riesgo 10.000 puestos de trabajo.

Como se ve, el auge de argentinos viajando a Chile revela mucho más que una simple avidez por comprar más barato. Pone al descubierto los problemas de competitividad de la economía argentina y las dificultades que está teniendo el Gobierno para revertirla.

Mientras tanto la Provincia de Mendoza es la más afectada en diferentes rubros no solo el tecnológico, y de acuerdo a información relevada por algunas empresas, comenzaron fuerte los despidos en la provincia y los cierres de negocios serán inevitables en el corto plazo.

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